Nurture and Nature :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Nurture and Nature         The classic debated topic of nurture versus nature has been, and incessantly will be an argumentative subject in the scientific world. round psychologists and scientists sh be the view that our behavioral aspects originate only from the environmental factors of our upbringing. While other(a) opposing specialists argue the outlook in science that agrees with the naturalist idea. This design of naturalistic ideas supports the hereditary genetic framework, inherited from our parents, is the sole determining factor in our behavioral characteristics. These two opposing viewpoints have produced a multitude of ideas, theories, and arguments in the history of psychology.         John Broadus Watson, the father of American behaviorism, groovyly reinforced the source of nurture by studying learned and adaptive behavior patterns in our environmental surroundings (Rathus p.13). During this same time of r evolutionary ideas in psychology, American psychologist, Arnold Gesell supported the opposite word views of Watson. Gesell theorized that physical and motor growth and development is monitored and regulated by an machinelike natural process(Rathus p.13). Each of these ideas has persisted strongly in the world of psychology from the ordinal century on into the twentieth, but now a new and fall in psychology world acknowledges both theories equally. It is imagined, today, that the explanation of our behavioral characteristics originates from both our heredity, and the environment in which we were raised.         This report supports the theory that both aspects of nurture, with the addition of nature are tough in and explain our complete behaviors. Many studies and experiments have been conducted in recent days of psychology to give this combined idea its appealing thesis. A great deal of research and experimentation has been conducted in order to solve the puzzling results that settle from situational differences in being raised. The different causes and effects of various situations, focus on the actual importance, and necessity of proper nurturing in childhood development (Turecki). Studies on the proterozoic developing years in children show how effects of various environmental situations can cause mixed  attitudes, personalities, beliefs, sexual preference, and other behavioral patterns in children (Turecki & group A Adams).         For example, studies have been conducted on whether children that have been raised by single parents are going to develop differently than if both Nurture and Nature Exploratory Essays investigate Papers Nurture and Nature         The classic debated topic of nurture versus nature has been, and always will be an argumentative subject in the scientific world. Some psychologists and scientists share the view that our behavio ral aspects originate only from the environmental factors of our upbringing. While other opposing specialists argue the outlook in science that agrees with the naturalist idea. This concept of naturalistic ideas supports the hereditary genetic framework, inherited from our parents, is the sole determining factor in our behavioral characteristics. These two opposing viewpoints have produced a multitude of ideas, theories, and arguments in the history of psychology.         John Broadus Watson, the father of American behaviorism, greatly reinforced the source of nurture by studying learned and adaptive behavior patterns in our environmental surroundings (Rathus p.13). During this same time of revolutionary ideas in psychology, American psychologist, Arnold Gesell supported the opposite views of Watson. Gesell theorized that physical and motor growth and development is monitored and regulated by an automatic natural process(Rathus p.13). Each of these ideas has persisted strongly in the world of psychology from the nineteenth century on into the twentieth, but now a new and united psychology world acknowledges both theories equally. It is imagined, today, that the explanation of our behavioral characteristics originates from both our heredity, and the environment in which we were raised.         This report supports the theory that both aspects of nurture, with the addition of nature are involved in and explain our complete behaviors. Many studies and experiments have been conducted in recent years of psychology to give this combined idea its appealing thesis. A great deal of research and experimentation has been conducted in order to solve the puzzling results that derive from situational differences in being raised. The different causes and effects of various situations, focus on the actual importance, and necessity of proper nurturing in childhood development (Turecki). Studies on the early developing years in children show how effects of various environmental situations can cause mixed  attitudes, personalities, beliefs, sexual preference, and other behavioral patterns in children (Turecki & Adams).         For example, studies have been conducted on whether children that have been raised by single parents are going to develop differently than if both

A Comparison of Love in Annabel Lee and La Belle Dame sans Merci Essay

Love in Poes Annabel Lee and Keatss La Belle maam sans Merci Poes Annabel Lee and Keatss La Belle Dame sans Merci depict the destructive effects that women exercise upon men. In both poems, women, by death and deception, harm their adoring lie withrs. In Annabel Lee, Annabel dies and leaves the speaker in isolation in La Belle Dame Sans Merci, the fairy, La Belle Dame, captures the speakers heart, and then deserts him. The common theme of both poems, that love generates harmful effects, is a contemplation of both poets upsetting and harmful childhood experiences. Poetry, Keats purports, comes from the ferment of an unhappy childhood working through a noble imagination (Keats 16). The lesson of Keats boyhood was that the intensity of the beauty, the joy, the pleasure, and the bitterness of their mischief is necessary for a poem (Keats 17). The deaths of Poes parents, foster mother, and wife develop a similar intensity in the form of a lingering pity and herb of grace for the dead (Whitman 61). The implied malevolence in Annabel Lee and La Belle Dame sans Merci echoes these poets pasts the poems speakers are unable to live sanely or comfortably after experiencing and then losing the objects of their exquisite affection. Furthermore, the speakers names are concealed, stressing the importance of the women over the speakers. While both poets believe that love creates destructive situations, they differ about most negatively charged kind of love. Poe believed that an innocent and sexless love hurt the greatest his speaker went insane from love that was more than love, while he and his lover were children. Poes artistic religion was a worship of the beautifulin all noble thoughts, in all ho... ...a Belle Dame sans Merci through their fascination with the doomed nature of love (De Reyes 107). Works Cited Allen, Hervey. Israfel The Life and Times of Edgar Allan Poe. New York Holt, 1934 De Reyes, Mary. John Keats. Poetry Reviews. 3 vols. 1913 Keats, John. La Belle Dame sans Merci. The Poetical Works of John Keats. London Macmillan, 1884. Moise, Edwin. Keatss La Belle Dame sans Merci. The Explicator. Washington DC Heldref, 1992 Poe, Edgar. Annabel Lee. 15 Aug. 1997. Stefan Gmoser Online. Online. America Online. 12 Jan. 1998 Saintsbury, George. Edgar Allan Poe. Prefaces and Essays. Virginia Macmillan, 1933 Whitman, Sarah. Edgar Poe and His Critics. New York Haskell House, 1972 Wilbur, Richard. Poe and the Art of Suggestion. Critical Essays on Edgar Allan Poe. New York G. K. Hall, 1987

Dizzy Gelespie (John Birks Gillespie) Essay examples -- essays research

The people of today, raised by the sounds of The Beatles and Pearl Jam have forgotten all about the musicians that paved the way for these artists, and the musical styles that evolved into rock and roll, stave and blues and rap or hip hop. Unfortunately the music that once dominated the night clubs, restaurants, and radio stations is now heard only in elevators or when we go to a grandparents house to visit. What is left of jazz are small portions of the music that people take and sample with in a newfangled song. Jazz and its historical realises have mistreated and forgotten by todays society. One of the figure most forgotten is John Birks Gillespie, known to the jazz world as " giddy" Gillespie. "Dizzy" Gillespie was a trumpet player, composer, bandleader and politician of mostly the early 40s to mid 50s. This was a time period in Jazz called Bebop, Bop or sometimes known as Rebop. Bebop got its name from the musical language musicians would speak to one a nonhe r while trying to explain a rhythm. "Bop, Bop, Doba sho ba, Bop, Bop." this was to a fault a common style of singing which was first introduced by Louis Armstrong, called scatting (Kerfeld, 137). This fast tempo music was pioneered by saxophonist Charlie Parker, drummer Max Roach, pianist Thelonious Monk and trumpeter "Dizzy" Gillespie. Gillespie was one of the chief innovators of this new style of music as well as an important figure to all musicians to follow him and international figure for the United States.(Kerfeld, 137)John Birks was born in Cheraw, South Carolina on October 21, 1917. The young prodigy was first introduced to music by his father, a weekend bandleader. Gillespies father was not as talented as John was to obtain, he relied on a more stable income as mason around their home own. Four old age after his fathers death, when Birks was 14, he began learning the trombone and trumpet without any formal instruction. Recognized by the staff at Laurinber g Institute, in North Carolina, as a prodigy, he was given a scholarship to be a member of the band in 1932. Throughout his stay at the Laurinberg Institute he studied cleverly both the trumpet and piano, building him self a long road that would constantly pave the way to something valuable, new, and historic (Kerfeld, 428). Gillespie did not know that he would become a pioneer in a new style called Beb... ...e Original Jazz Classics, Released 03/14/1996 Dizzier And Dizzier Dizzy Gillespie BMG/RCA Victor, Released 05/21/1996 Dizzy Atmosphere Dizzy Gillespie lease Archive, Released 11/04/1997 Dizzy For President Dizzy Gillespie Douglas, Released 10/07/1997 (1Article) Dizzy Gillespie Dizzy Gillespie Members Edition, Released 08/19/1997 Dizzy Gillespie And His Big Band Dizzy Gillespie GNP/Crescendo, Released 12/06/1993 Dizzy Gillespie Story Dizzy Gillespie Savoy Jazz, Released 06/14/1993 Dizzys Diamonds The Best Of Verve Years Box Dizzy Gillespie PGD/Verve, Released 09/22/1992 Dizzy s Party Dizzy Gillespie Original Jazz Classics, Released 12/14/1994 Free Ride Dizzy Gillespie Original Jazz Classics, Released 07/13/1993 Giant Dizzy Gillespie Accord, Released 09/27/1995 Giant/Portrait Of Jenny Dizzy Gillespie Collectables Records, Released 10/08/1996 Gillespiana/Carnegie pressure group Concert Dizzy Gillespie PGD/Verve, Released 10/19/1993 (2Articles) Gold Collection (2cd) Dizzy Gillespie Almig, Released 10/08/1997 Greatest Hits Dizzy Gillespie BMG/RCA Victor, Released 07/16/1996

Child Labor Essay example -- essays research papers fc

Child intentnessChild Labor, refers to the economically active macrocosm under the age of fifteen years old, who ar employed in various industries (Grootaert, 2). Recently, child labor has become a large topic of reflect however, in most cases, it is very unfavorable. The perception that globalization is leading towards the exploitation of children, is becoming an important problem for international business. In my opinion, child labor should be eradicated. It is not only harmful to the health of children, but it takes away their chance for an education, and simply takes away their childhood.The international Labor Organization estimates that 250 million children around the world, amidst the ages of five and fourteen, work. Out of the 250 million, 120 million of them work fulltime (ILO, 5). Child labor is common in industries such as agriculture, domestic services, carpet and textile, quarrying and brick making, and as well prostitution. Some children work in factories and o ther workplaces in the formal economy however, umpteen work on farms or in homes. Child labor has many hazardous effects on the health of children. Some children work in areas such as stone quarries, tanning leather, and electroplating metals. All of these working conditions endanger the health of the child. Children in different occupations face different fatal diseases. Silicosis, which is caused from working in stone cutting, brick factories, granite and slate factories is one such disease. Tuberculosis, is also another disease endeared by children in pottery related industries. Another very big problem, because of poor living conditions, is malnutrition.The lack of education for working children is also another very flagitious problem. Child laborers work for most of the day, and in some cases 16 hours a day. There is no question, that education is a major contributing factor to the boilersuit development of the child. Yet, because of the long working hours, children are depri ved of time for education. Some children are more or less slaves, controlled by their employer to work all the time. In other cases, the parents are even responsible for child labor, because they give priority to labor and making money, over education. Some children must earn the income for the entire dwelling (Grootaert, 3). Asi... ...). However, developing countries including brazil and India, which have very high rates of child labor, rejected the proposal. But the rate of child labor is still dropping. In 1996, Brazil had 3.3 million child laborers. Soon after, international pressures, forced President Fernando Henrique Cardoso to create an anti-child labor initiative. This program basically paid parents to send their children to school. By the year 2000, the metre of child workers decreased to 2.5 million. Today, child labor is still decreasing, but it seems almost impossible to eradicate. Child labor is ethically wrong and immoral and yet, there are still businesses that c hoose to turn their heads away.Works CitedBachman, S. L. The Political Economy of Child Labor and its Impacts on International Business. Business Economics Jul. 2000 1-4.Buckley, Stephen. The Littlest Laborers Why does Child Labor Continue to Thrive in the Developing World? Washington Post 16 Mar. 2000 1-5.Grootaert, Christian. Child Labor an Economic Perspective. International Labor Review 136. 1995 2, 3, 7.International Labor Organization. 1996. 20 Jun. 2001.

schwarzenegger and fiscal policy Essay -- essays research papers

Californias Re familiaran governor, Arnold Schwarzenegger, outlined a budget proposal January 9 that constitutes a massive assault on health, education and other social service programs upon which millions of people in the defer rely.The $99 billion budget is aimed at eliminating a $14.3 billion gap betwixt expected tax revenues and expenditures. It will include $4.6 billion in cuts, $1 billion in fund shifts from gasoline taxes (by postponing road construction projects) and an additional $2 billion decline in education spending. In addition, the budget mandates a $729 million cut from higher education and a $165 million reduction from child-care programs for school goers.The budget also forces state employees to pay an additional five percent of their wages into their pensions, to pay off state borrowing. Nearly one-tenth of the state budget gap will be shifted to local governments, as $1.3 billion in property taxes due to cities and counties will be siphoned off to the state.Th ere will also be a severe reduction in health and welfare services, in a state where six million residents have no health restitution and 60 hospitals have shut over the last decade. Administration officials admit that more than 110,000 poor Californians will lose health insurance due to the cuts, which include $880 million from Medi-Cal and $10 million from public health services. The states welfare program for mothers with dependent childrenCal-Workswill lose $790 million, age $126 million will be slashed from in-home services, $134 million from Supplemental Income payments and an additional $800 million from other health services.It is hard to exaggerate the human impact of the proposed budget. Counties, already strapped for cash, will be forced to lay off thousands of employees. The budget will reduce public assistance benefits for 481,000 poor families, including childcare services, while stiffening pee requirements. Enrollment for the state universities will be capped and t hose that enter will face increasing costs and fewer and smaller grants. Health services for the boylike and poor will be capped. Programs will be curtailed at youth correctional facilities.Under conditions in which 1.13 million people are unemployed in the state and a record number of families have been dropped from employer-provided health insurance, cities and counties will be forced to engage in y... ... to stave off even great cuts. Several other unions are also negotiating concessions with the governor.During last summers recall campaign Schwarzenegger concealed from the public the type of measures he would take if he reached the governors mansion. Instead he promised to eliminate the deficit by auditing the government and finding waste. While giving no specifics about his program he suggested he would not cut education or basic services for the poor. The news media also concealed this reality and gave its full support to the recall resource and Schwarzeneggers candidacy, which it generally hailed.The Socialist Equality Party opposed the recall campaign as an attempt by the Republican Party to subvert classless processes and impose a right-wing agenda rejected by the voters less than a year before. The SEP ran its own candidate in the recall campaign, rump Christopher Burton, to present a socialist alternative for working people. The SEP campaign warned that whether Davis or Schwarzenegger prevailed, the working class would face drastic attacks on jobs, living standards and public services. This warning is now being confirmed in the actions of both big business parties.

iNTERNATIONAL TRADE :: essays research papers fc

International TradeUnderstanding the culture in a country or region in which you are doing business is a comminuted skill for the external business person. Without this knowledge, a successful outcome to the business venture can be in jeopardy.The level of world output in any given year influences the level of multinational flip in that year. By this it means that the slower the world economy is the less international trade and the higher the economy the higher the volume of trade."Globalization" is a term that came into popular usage in the 1980s to describe the increased movement of people, knowledge and ideas, and goods and currency across national borders that has led to increased interconnectedness among the worlds populations, stintingally, governmentally, socially and culturally. Although globalization is often thought of in economic terms, this process has many social and political implications as well. Many in local communities associate globalization with mode rnization. At the global level, globalization is thought of in terms of the challenges it poses to the role of governments in international affairs and the global economy. There are heated debates about globalization and its positive and negative effects. While globalization is thought of by many as having the potential to make societies richer through trade and to bring knowledge and information to people around the world, there are many others who perceive globalization as contributing to the exploitation of the poor by the rich, and as a threat to traditional cultures as the process of modernization changes societies. There are some who draw the negative aspects of globalization to terrorism. To put a complicated discussion in simple terms, they argue that exploitative or declining conditions contribute to the lure of informal " extremist" networks that commit criminal or terrorist acts internationally. And thanks to todays technology and integrated societies, these netw orks span throughout the world. It is in this sense that terrorism, too, is "globalized."Increasingly over the past two centuries, economic activity has become more globally oriented and integrated. Some economists argue that it is no longer meaningful to think in terms of national economies international trade has become central to most local and domestic economies around the world. Among the major high-income economies, sometimes referred to as the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries, 60 share of the total economic production, or GDP, is associated with international trade. Thirty-four percent comes from trade between high-income and low-and middle-income nations.

iNTERNATIONAL TRADE :: essays research papers fc

International TradeUnderstanding the culture in a country or region in which you are doing business is a life-sustaining skill for the external business person. Without this knowledge, a successful outcome to the business venture can be in jeopardy.The level of world output in any given year influences the level of transnational good deal in that year. By this it means that the slower the world economy is the less international trade and the higher the economy the higher the volume of trade."Globalization" is a term that came into popular usage in the 1980s to describe the increased movement of people, knowledge and ideas, and goods and bullion across national borders that has led to increased interconnectedness among the worlds populations, economically, politically, socially and culturally. Although globalization is often thought of in economic terms, this process has many social and political implications as well. Many in local communities associate globalization wit h modernization. At the global level, globalization is thought of in terms of the challenges it poses to the role of governments in international affairs and the global economy. There are heated debates about globalization and its positive and negative effects. While globalization is thought of by many as having the potential to make societies richer through trade and to bring knowledge and information to people around the world, there are many others who perceive globalization as contributing to the exploitation of the poor by the rich, and as a threat to traditional cultures as the process of modernization changes societies. There are some who tie the negative aspects of globalization to terrorism. To put a complicated discussion in simple terms, they argue that exploitative or declining conditions contribute to the lure of informal " immoderate" networks that commit criminal or terrorist acts internationally. And thanks to todays technology and integrated societies, thes e networks span throughout the world. It is in this sense that terrorism, too, is "globalized."Increasingly over the past two centuries, economic activity has become more globally oriented and integrated. Some economists argue that it is no longer meaningful to think in terms of national economies international trade has become central to most local and domestic economies around the world. Among the major high-income economies, sometimes referred to as the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries, 60 share of the total economic production, or GDP, is associated with international trade. Thirty-four percent comes from trade between high-income and low-and middle-income nations.

Questions Kooistra Autogroep Essay

2. Evaluate the budgeting, performance quantity, and incentive transcriptions used at Kooistra Autogroep. What changes would you recommend, if any?Budgeting systemThe CEO introduced a baronial annual budgeting process. The main target of this budgeting system was to determine the net profit targets for the year. The net profit target is the companys revenue minus the governable expenses. These targets were for the companys departments and should help with decentralization of the company. The budgeting process was ment to be bottom-up. This means that the managers of the departments could prep ar the budgets and the CEO and chief financial officer then reviewed these budgets. Most managers are unexperienced with budgeting and the review of the CFO and CEO would lead to a discussion so that the managers would get more and more confident with budgeting.This would help the decentralization. The car industry is an industry, which is really dependable on the economic conditions. So the budget made at the beginning of the year is non always a feasible budget. Reviewing the budget a few measure a year could change this. The CEO helps out sometimes when the budget target probably is not breathing out to be made. But the managers cannot depend on this. Performance measurementThe new performance measurement now includes not only financial randomness but also nonfinancial information. The performance measurement system is used to communicate the companys objectives to the personnel. The objects that are measured in the performance are the most important objectives. The performance measurements provide the managers with the information to do their job properly and it provides feedback to the top management about the performance of the managers. The company uses Balanced Scorecard on a weekly basis. The balanced plug-in provides key metrics for the managers list of targets and it provides an indication of the progress towards budget target.Besides the balanced score card the managers get also a monthly report, which is more detailed about the companys operations. Recommendation the balanced scorecard is used to measure the managers performance for different factors. These factors are financial and nonfinancial. But it is not very(prenominal) clear what the targets are. Everydealership has to have a return of sales of 2% but there is not given any further financial of nonfinancial performance indicator. Incentive systemA major change for the Kooistra Autogroep was the expansion of the pay-for performance system. The pay-for performance system already existed in the company but only for a few sales people. But this is limited and not fully covered for all the sales people. Because of the already excising contract and rejecting the pay-for performance bonus system not all sales person is accounted with pay for performance. This could lead to disorder and unfair situation. Because when its not going well with the economy and so with the dealersh ips sales the sales people with the pay for performance are accounted for the less sales. But the sales people with the normal honorarium contract are not accounted for the fewer sales.Also in normal situations the sales people with the pay-for performance system will try to do their outflank because their salary depends on their performance. While for the sales people with the normal contracts its not as much depended on their performance. For the management team the pay-for performance does its work for every member. So its fairer. The managers could also receive a bonus reduction when some criteria were not met. But its said that this would be a very subjective decision and it was not really clear on what criteria it depends. This should be changed and made clear on what criteria or totally deleted. Note It is said that no bonus will be paid for below or supra target performance, which is strange. Because as a company u would want to have above target performance.Further more t he pay for performance system is a relatively unknown system in Dutch companies and the personnel of the company are not really pleased with this system. So it would be point to think about for the company to introduce the system quietly. This could be done for example by starting with a tradional bonus system and next to that also a pay for performance system. So using both systems for a few geezerhood and then switch to only a pay-for performance system.

James Baldwin vs George Orwell Essay

two James Baldwin and George Orwell are interested in understanding language as a political mover. In his essay If Black Isnt a Language, Than Tell Me What Is, James Baldwin attempts to legitimize Black English as a unique language. He argues that Black English is a valid language because of the role it plays in the lives of Black Americans. It serves as a means for blacks to control their own circumstances, define themselves, and bind power. Baldwin justifies Black English by applying George Orwells argument that language is a political instrument means and proof of power to the Black experience. Baldwin argues, validates and makes language authentic. Both George Orwell and James Baldwin express their opinion that language is directly related to who a person is.They also both state that language is a political instrument and that it is filled with word play. In Politics and the English Language George Orwell states that political writings are characterized by vagueness and incomp etence. People rely on metaphors that have upset their meaning and are only used because the writer cannot create his own phrases. Authors no longer think of a concrete object and choose haggling to describe it. Orwell believed the best fix for the English language was for everyone to be aware of ready-made words and phrases, and instead use simpler words to get your meaning crosswise to the reader. In Orwells opinion language is an instrument that reflects culture and evolves as culture declines, while in Baldwins view language emerges to fit a socialtal need. It is the connection or disconnection within people.

SCE&G: Relevant and Non-Relevant Costs

South Carolina Electric and Gas (SCE&G), a principal subsidiary of SCANA Corporation, makes life convenient by bringing electricity and earthy gas to homes and businesses. The confederacy also provides residential, commercial, and industrial builder service firms the energy they need for construction (www.sceg.com). The company also has telecommunications services and other businesses which involve non-regulated energy. To bring out electricity and natural gas, SCE&G operates 22 various plants, most of which are coal plants. Today, SCE&G serves nearly 1 million customers in South Carolina (SCE&G Quick Facts).The coal plants of SCE&G emit nitrogen oxide. Also known as NOx, this is one of the compounds that form smog in the atmosphere. Thus, the company has been making efforts to cut back the emission of NOx. Just recently, SCE&G has installed the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) equipment on Wateree Station and Williams Station, the two largest plants of the company to reduce NOx emission. This has cost them $138 million (www.sceg.com). The company has also invested 80 million dollars on equipment for emission and pollution control (Zaleski, 2007).In 2008, the firm has decided to install the SCR equipment on the Cope Station as well. The project, which started on the summer of 2007 and will end on the fall of 2008, will cost the company 69 million dollars (Zaleski, 2007). This amount includes relevant costs (i.e., costs that are significant to a specific decision) such as the cost of the equipment and the cost of installation (CITATION).The previously mentioned expenditures prior to the Cope Station projectthe investment on SCR equipment and on the emission and pollution control equipmentare considered sunk costs. Whether SCE&G would push through with the Cope project or not, the costs of these equipments have already been incurred. Hence, they are irrelevant to the project.SCE&G reported in its statement of projected expenditure that the budget for the Cope Station project was $ 26 million (SCANA Corp. 2007-2009 task Expenditure, 2007). Since the investment would cost $ 69 million, it would result in a budget deficit of $ 43 million. This implies that the company had to make budget adjustments in order to farm animal the said project.When the project is complete, it would surely result in clean, safe, and reliable power source for the citizens and industries (Zaleski, 2007). Although it would not bring the company explicit financial benefits, by making the plant environment-friendly, the project can further contribute to the healthy relationship of SCE&G with its neighboring communities. Moreover, this may attract new industries to invest in the area as the environment becomes free of the polluting NOx (Zaleski, 2007).ReferenceAbout SE&G.. (n.d.). Retrieved January 26, 2008 from http//www.sceg.com/en/about-sceg/Builder services. (n.d.). Retrieved January 26, 2008 from http//www.sceg.com/en/builder servicesNitrogen oxides. (n.d.) . Retrieved January 26, 2008 fromhttp//www.sceg.com/en/my-community/environment/air/nitrogen-oxides/Residential services. (n.d.). Retrieved January 26, 2008 fromhttp//www.sceg.com/en/residential-services/SCANA Corporation 2007-2009 projections for swell expenditures and cash flows. (9February 2007). Retrieved January 26, 2008 fromhttp//www.secinfo.com/dN11u.u3.c.htmSCE&G quickfacts. (n.d.). Retrieved January 26, 2008Zaleski, G.. (6 November 2007). SCE&G investing $69 million in Cope plan to reduceemissions. The Times and Democrat. Retrieved January 26, 2008 fromhttp//www.thetandd.com/articles/2007/11/06/news/12812156.txt

How Issues Are Affected By the Political Spectrum

On April 30, 1789, the United States of America elected our first president to lead our country. thus every four categorys thereafter, another president is elected. When election time comes around most Americans do not know anything about the issues involved and/or do not even know who is running. The devil current nominees this year are Al Gore, the Democrat, and George Bush, the Republican. Three main issues that both parties deal with are sociable Security, Tax Reform, and Education. Depending on each expectations semipolitical platform, they can be placed approximately on the political spectrum.Knowing where a candidate stands on the political spectrum, you can assume how he would feel on certain issues. Social Security is a huge issue this year because legion(predicate) citizens are concerned that they are paying the social security tax, but with the current forge, the silver result run out by the time they hire old enough to use it. Al Gore plans on taking social se curity and putting it aside and adding the interest gained to it which in his words, I will keep it in a lockbox. The interest savings, I would put right back into it.That extends the life for 55 years (Issues2000. om). Gores plan relates to the gravid side of the political spectrum. Normally most liberals weigh in more government involvement and less big corporations. He is express that the social security tax will go into a lockbox and no capital will be taken out of it leaving it all to the government. Today liberals make government as protecting individuals from creation abused by a variety of governmental and nongovernmental forces, such as market vagaries, business decisions, and discriminatory practices (Burns 243). This leads into wherefore George Bush is a conservative.He plans on taking social security and putting it into the hands of our citizens and allowing them to invest their money in stocks. Bush wants to take the money out of the governments hands and put it in the individuals hands. Im going to trust young workers at their option to be able to manage, under certain guidelines, some of their money to get a better rate of return so that theyll have a retirement plan in the future (issues2000. com). Basically he is trying allow the young workers to control their social security rather than the government.This issue shows how two different sides of the political spectrum can affect the way they attack a problem. Tax Reform is another issue where both candidates differ greatly. Al Gore believes there should be a tax cut for the lower class and pump class families, but not for the wealthy class. This is true for a normal liberal to say. They believe the government should help those who are in need and leave those who dont alone. Liberals prefer that government take care of the wan, for the strong can almost always take care of themselves (Burns 244).With Gores plan, the typical familys taxes would be the lowest in fifty years. This is certain(prenominal)ly taking care of the weak part of society, the typical family. Bush, on the other hand, says he wants a tax cut for everyone. He believes everyone should deserve a tax relief, not just the middle class. This sounds good, but really the biggest cut would be in the upper class, who really do not need a tax cut. This just shows how Bush is being conservative by helping the big businesses, which make up most of the upper class. Traditional conservatives, in the name of freedom, are emphatically pro-business (248).Each candidate tries to show why their tax reform plans are better, but it just comes down to how each candidate relates to the political spectrum. Another big issue this year is Education. Both candidates feel differently about this issue. Al Gore believes that students who attend a failing nurture would be allowed to go to better civilise until that school is reopened under new management. He also says that schools that are doing poorly in student achiev ement would be given a fund to help them improve. whatever progressing school would be given financial awards to help them strive to become better.This is considered a liberal view because he is saying that any weak school will be helped out by the government. In addition, he is supporting the improvement of some schools that are not meeting the standards. George Bush agrees somewhat, but he believes that if a school is failing, they have three years to fix the problems. If they dont, they will be shut down and are demanded to give some money towards sending the students to other schools. He also says he would require testing be done every year.The schools that improve would get a bonus man the schools that are failing would lose some federal funds (English handout). Conservatives are also inclined to believe that those who fail in life are in some way the architects of their own misfortune and thus must bear the main responsibility for solving their own problems (Burns 247). He i s conservative by saying that the responsibility of failing schools is to fix the problems themselves. Some parts of this issue, education, Gore and Bush agree on but for the most part, they are like on two different sides of the political spectrum. Knowing where the candidate is located on the political spectrum, each issue can be related to how the candidate feels.Even though there are many issues a soon-to-be president has to discuss, there are definitely three main issues that affect everyone somehow. They all show a definite side of the political platform by each candidate. Each candidates side was relating to one side of the political spectrum such, as Democrats tend to be liberal, while Republicans are considered conservative. Referring back to the first paragraph, maybe we should model after our ancestors back when majority of our citizens actually cared about who was running and how they felt on the issues.

Planetary Comparison Essay

Man first came to live by finding ways to sustain his sustenance. He could think, decide, create an opinion and work with his b ar hands. after many years of survival, he became more curious at the things around him. He saw the moon, the cheerlightlight and the stars. It was when the man was curious that human life was considered happy life. Without mans curiosity, he wouldnt care about the planet that he is hosting his life. Without his brain, he wouldnt know that other planets and other heavenly bodies live aside from the planet basis.The properties of planet commonwealth include its shape, density, reflection of light and age. The shape of the humankind resembles that of a sphere. It is a orbiculate planet because of gravity. What makes the primer coat spherical is the bulging characteristic it has on the equator. The bulges exist on this part of the planet because of rotation. Properties of the Earth Density As of the Earths density, it refers to the mass per unit ru le book of the planet. The density of the Earth atomic number 50 be give out imagined if compared to the density of branding iron, rock or water.The density of is 8 grams per cubic centimeter, 2. 5 grams per cubic centimeter for a rock. With water, it is just a gram per cubic centimeter. Deep down the planet is surely a dense section of the Earth (Newman, 2000, p. 267). Reflection of Light some other property is reflection of light. The Earth has 37% albedo, which means that it has 37% of light that it is cap up to(p) of reflecting. Again, to get the clearer picture, the reflection of light of the Earth can be compared to that of dirt, clouds and ice. outrage can only reflect around 10%, while water and clouds have just enough albedo. When albedo is moderate, it means that the reflection of light ranges from 40 to 60 percent. Meanwhile, ice has a high albedo because its reflection of light is almost a solid one hundred percent (Hamilton, 2001). Age of the Earth The age of the Earth is as well as another property of the planet. Planet Earth is as old as billions of years. With the help of radioactive dating of stones, scientists and geologists discovered that the Earth existed 3. to 4. 5 billion years ago (Hamilton, 2001). The Earths Interior The Earths interior is characterized by explosions, earthquakes and seismic waves. There are waves that transit in both solid and liquid parts of the Earth. There are as well waves that run only on solid ground (Hamilton, 2001). Inside the Earths interior, one can find nickel, iron and solid in the inner totality. In the Earths outer core are nickel, iron and liquid. Its mantle are oxygen and silicon, which, when combined, form silicate rocks.The temperature inside the Earths core is hotter than the surface of the sun because of radioactivity and collisions. During the ahead of time years of history, the Earth is work by numerous collisions and the agitate from this activity contributed to the 6500K temperatur e of the planets core (Hamilton, 2001). Surface Changes It is a fact that the surface of the Earth changes constantly. One activity that contributes in the surface change of the planet is continental drift. Continental drift, as its name implies, refers to the drifting apart of the Earths continents.The continents move over time, and such movements were better understood and explained as the Plate Tectonics Theory came out, describing the lithosphere of the planet (Hamilton, 2001). If the lithosphere breaks, tectonic plates are built. In this planet, there are plenty of small fry tectonic plates. With major tectonic plates, there are only seven. There is movement among these plates at different kinds of boundaries which include transform boundaries, spreading or different boundaries and collision or convergent boundaries.These boundaries pave way to the formation of oceanic trenches, mountains, volcanic activities and even earthquakes. Imagine two pieces of large lands collide (Ha milton, 2001). The tension caused by the collision alters the shape of the pieces of land. This is what happens to planet Earth. Whatever type of activity there is, the surface of the Earth will always be affected (Hamilton, 2001). Even wearing away affects the surface of the Earth. Erosion happens when particles like rock, soil and sediments are displaced or moved to other places.What cause the displacement are agents like water, living organisms and wind. Ice is also another cause of displacement because of the downward slope (Hamilton, 2001). The Earth and the Other Nine It cannot be denied that the Earth is special because compared to other planets in the solar agreement it is only the Earth that is capable of sustaining life. It has an atmosphere. It has displacement of lands. It has plate tectonics. It has water. It has humans. The one thing that separates the Earth from the other planets is the human being and human life.There may be signs of the existence of life in Mars, and that there are other forms of life in the moon of Saturn, but only Earth is capable of supporting and maintaining life (Moskowitz, 2008). Intelligent Life Even if it may be proven in the future that there are indeed organisms living in Mars, it is still risk-free to say that the Earth is home to legal life. Other planets may be able to host life, but only the planet Earth is capable of hosting the intelligent kind (Moskowitz, 2008). Life on other planets would not even be possible without the planet Earth, according to Gregory Laughlin.Laughlin is a planet hunter and an astrophysicist at the prestigious University of California, Santa Cruz. Gregory was able to say this because the Earth delicately transferred some of its materials to the other planets. These tiny materials can be found in the planets crust (Moskowitz, 2008). urine Another feature of the Earth which cannot be found in other planets is water. The planet is indeed a place conducive for evolution because it ha s water in it, in that amount. The amount of water on Earth is almost magical. The amount of water present in this planet is just enough to keep a desert alive.There is not too frequently water to drown the Earths mountains (Moskowitz, 2008). Water on Earth is different from the water in the other planets because the water in the other planets either fry or freeze. This can be explained through the distance between the planet earth and the sun (Moskowitz, 2008). Distance Distance, of course, is a unique feature of the planet. The Earth indeed has the best location in the solar system because if we depend on too much sun, then the distance between the planet and then sun is just right enough to match the Earths geological timescales (Moskowitz, 2008).It is the temperature we get from the sun that regulates the Earths atmosphere. It is the distance between the Earth and the sun that keeps the temperature of the Earths surface around the temperature of the waters (Moskowitz, 2008). S ize The size of the Earth is also another unique feature of the planet. A smaller Earth will not leave space for the planet to hold on to the atmosphere. A larger Earth may be a hotter Earth for humans. Hotter in this sense means the kind of warmness which humans will not be able to tolerate (Moskowitz, 2008). Getting More DetailedMercury is the nearest planet to the Sun. Among all the other planets, it is the eighth largest. It has two moons namely Titan and Ganymede. While these moons are smaller than Mercury, they are more massive than the planet. Mercury, compared to the Earth, is closer to the sun (Arnett, 2008). Venus, on the other hand, is the sixth largest planet in the solar system. It is also nearer to the sun compared to the Earth. It is an inferior planet with phases easily seen through a telescope from the Earth (Arnett, 2008). Aside from the Earth, Mars stands out to be a popular planet since the early times.Today, there are observatories that are ground-based just t o study Mars. The size of Mars is a barrier in studying it, but the planet still shows features that can host life (Arnett, 2008). The biggest planet in the solar system is Jupiter. When it comes to mass, this planet is doubly massive compared to the Earth and to the other planets as well. In fact, when compared to the Earths mass, Jupiter has 318 times more (Arnett, 2008). Saturn is a popular planet since the prehistoric years because there was Galileo in 1610, holding a telescope, observing this planet with rings.Galileo knew that Saturn looked different and he thought that the Earth passes through the rings after some years on a regular basis (Arnett, 2008). If the Earth is spherical, then the planet Uranus is ecliptic. foreign the Earth, Uranus poles are hotter than its equator. The poles of this planet are more receptive to the suns energy than the equator (Arnett, 2008). Neptune is far from the sun, but its core measures the same as that of the mass of the Earth. Its core is made of rocks. It does not have a unique internal layering like that of Saturn and Jupiter, but the composition is nonetheless distinct.Whatever heat it receives from the sun is nothing compared to the heat it can generate itself through its core (Arnett, 2008). Pluto is the smallest planet in the solar system. It has an eccentric orbit, which makes it closer to the sun at times than Neptune. Unlike the Earth and all the other planets, this heavenly body rotates in the opposite direction (Arnett, 2008). Above all these, it is still the Earth that stands out. All these pieces of information would not be known without the human mind, made possible with life, sustained by the Earth.

Love electra donates thousands of products

San Antonio, TX, April 9, 2008 honor Electra will be donating thousands of its inspiring t-shirt products to the national media advocacy and anti-defamation organization the comic & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD) for the commemoration of its 19th Annual GLAAD Media Awards, an extended event that will be celebrated in four cities across the country.The GLAAD Media Awards recognizes and honors media for their fair, sinless and inclusive representation of the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) community and the issues that affect their lives. The gala affair, which kicked off in New York City with a reception and dinner featuring some of the Statess most talented and renowned entertainers and media personalities, continues through May 10th with events in South Florida, Los Angeles and San Francisco. The GLAAD Media Awards message of inclusion and acceptance is precisely the one that Love Electra propagates daily with its commitment to love and positivity.Love Electra, a company that specializes in the conception, design and manufacture of t-shirts that spread positive messages of love, has recognized the constructive influence that GLAAD has had on the medias treatment of the once marginalized LGBT community. Electra performs this gesture as a means of emphasizing its whole-hearted endorsement of the GLAAD Media Awards. Through the dissemination of products containing memorable pro-love slogans at this event, it recognizes the common coating that exists between the two organizations in their harmonious desire to spread the anti-hate message.We appreciate Love Electras generous and heartfelt support of the 19th Annual GLAAD Media and our unfavourable ongoing work in media advocacy, fighting defamation and changing hearts and minds, said Diana Rodriquez, director of special events & sponsorship for GLAAD.The dilemma faced by members of the LGBT, as easy as other communities, has always inspired many of the creative products that bear Lo ve Electras designs. The messages spread by its founder and designers via their t-shirts are of particular disport to the members of the LGBT community, as one of Electras aims is to discourage the unfair treatment of individuals on account of their sexual orientation or gender identity. Rather, love, inspiration, and acceptance are the committee of the company, and with every t-shirt worn by the public the message is spread further. Through its efforts, Love Electra seeks to empower the LGBT community to become what they in fact already arethis and future generations of creative, inspiring, and talented role models.The company uses love-inspired quotes to stir the radiation of love from the center of persons who wear the products toward both those with whom they come in contact. The artistry that mixes scenic colors with powerful designs is therefore also infused with positivity and inspiration. Love Electra uses the psychology of color to imbue its products with energy and app eals to such groups as New Age phantasmal organizations who take pride in their work toward furthering the cause of harmony. The company also appeals to all social, political and environmental groups concerned with the furtherance of justice, equality, and fairness for all who destiny the planet.Love Electra caters to men, women, and children with t-shirts of all designs and styles. They come decorated with rhinestones and rhinestuds or just plain silkscreen graphics for those who want to keep it simple.To obtain your love, New Age, ecology, environmental or other types of inspiring t-shirts from Love Electra, visit the online store at http//www.loveelectra.com. With the discount code GLAAD2008, you will receive a 30% discount on all products, plus free shipping for domestic orders, until July 31, 2008.You may also obtain additional knowledge about Love Electra products, promotions and events on the website. www.loveelectra.com or www.myspace.com/igniteheartsFor more information about GLAADs work and the 19th Annual GLAAD Media Awards, please visit www.glaad.org.

First Week of College

Brad Campagna Kathy ORourke College has so cold exceeded my expectations in a huge way. As a new member of the ice ice hockey squad there were many uncertainties and worries, as well as tons of excitements and anticipations. Obviously the biggest part, direct, was nerve wracking and exciting too. In college hockey its very common that players take a few long time off of school previous to attending, to play hockey in junior hockey leagues. This created a bit more nerves and so excitement for the classroom aspect of school since ive only taken 3 college courses since graduating high school, making it a bit harder to get back into the swing of things.Besides acquire back into school routine, being a hockey player in college has made the beginning of school an unbelievable experience for me. On move-in day plot of ground still in the process of getting everything together, my roomie and I met the first player on our police squad. Since my roommate is also on my team it was a hug e relief to meet someone before our parents crimson left. Since then its been smooth sailing and check made number of friends on the team, many which I already know ill be very near friends with in the future. This was probably the biggest relief for me so farthest because I had no idea what to expect.I kept worrying about how the kids, especi every(prenominal)y the new recruits, would be and literally every one is an awesome person. I didnt realize how much being on a sports team would help me put to work friends this fast, which I am extremely grateful for. Weve all had so much period of play already and we are just one week into school. On top of all of that, we are all at least 20 years old and up as freshman. I think this gives us a big advantage of transition for things like college because we are all at least cardinal years more mature then we would have if we had gone right from high school.Now that is not to sound my or any of my friends horns, but I do feel as if t he maturity level is unquestionably higher then it would have been by the overall way we carry and present ourselves as contradictory to being 17 or 18. If the year is going to continue on like this, I undersurface only imagine how much childs play its going to be. This is also all going without mentioning the hockey part. hockey hasnt even started yet which excites me that much more. I think and hope we have a very candid team that can do very well throughout the season. Now obviously college isnt all fun and games.The school aspect of college hasnt really sunk in yet since were not very far into the semester. It definitely concerns me somewhat, but I think I entrust end up doing well. I naturally have a good work ethic through hockey, so I plan on apply that into the classroom. Sure it result be harder sometimes because of practices and games and whatnot, but thats what my teammates and the rest of the accommodations that Potsdam supplies for us are for. Its a good start for me professor wise, since pretty much all of them seem to be very good at what they do.The only thing that has gotten me a little annoyed and anxious about is all the reading. Reading takes up a lot of time and that what most of college is. My time management needs to be very good if Im going to do well this year. I hope my next four years here will just keep getting better and better as I meet new the great unwashed and explore new things. There is still so much I havent done yet and so many experiences I have to look forward too as long as my school works stays up to par.When my career at Potsdam is over I hope I will have accomplished my goal of excelling in every way whether its school, hockey, friends, friendship status and more. Obviously I plan on having my degree whether I continue with my Business major or change to something else. I hope and expect to have good grades throughout the whole experience not just getting by. I also expect to do very well in hockey and hop e to make an immediate impact on the team and carry it out through the whole four years here.I also hope to have my friends that Ive already made be my best friends and friends for the rest of my life. Finally by the time I leave Potsdam I hope to have had a big impact on the overall community. The hockey team stresses a high importance of being active in the community and having a positive attitude in every place in every situation. So far theres been much positivity here and I will be contributing to that as much as possible. If my whole time at Potsdam is going to be how this first week has been, then I evaluate having an extremely good experience here.

How Does Stevenson Engage His Readers? Essay

In Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Stevenson uses many ways of diffused his reader throughout the novel. He applies these methods in this way to elapse the reader interested in the oblige.To bulge mangle with, Stevenson uses Narrative Methods. These methods add to the question and heighten the emotional impact. One use of narrative methods is the item he tells the yarn from s of all timeal perspectives. One chapter of the book is set out as a oddball of police report with the maidservant recalling what happened the night that Danvers was murdered. The way you can tell it is a report of both(prenominal) kind is because of the extra bits of information added (as the maid described it) (page 47, creese 2). This chapter, apart from giving you a unlike view of events, makes the readers realise that this man was an important figure in company and this novel has gone from a whodunit invoice (with the mystery being the nightmare Enfield had, the door and the strange man named Hyde) to a murder-mystery story as now there is a killer on the loose.This testament give the story a frightening twist for the readers but the use of the language makes them keep cultivation particularly as it Hyde is revealed to be the killer in chapter 4. This twist gives the readers momentum to keep reading as they have already learnt that Hyde has no conscience really and has an inhuman side which can snap at any moment qualification him all the more dangerous but making the story all the more exciting And consequently all of a sudden he broke out in a great break open of anger, stamping with his foot, brandishing the cane, and carrying on like a madman (page 46-47).This helps as all of the Narrators (bar the maidservant) were all reliable figures in society and truthful characters who never dream of lying. Mr Utterson Mr Utterson the lawyer was a man of rugged countenance, that was never lighted by a smile (Page 29 line 1), this explains he did non have a sense of humour and would non joke a round down but tell the story as it is. This will help keep the reader interested as if it was a story told by a tramp then the straitlaceds would never have believed it as they have no reason to be truthful whereas Utterson is a lawyer and was swell respected so theres every reason to trust him. Stevenson introduces him as a calm, gentle man, who just wants to lead a quiet life (making him all the more believable) He was austere with himself drank trap when he was alone (Page 29 line 9.) This sentence is very important as well as it tells the reader that he is very strict with himself and sets himself boundaries.What alike attracts the readers attention is they retrieve that the story has finished chronologically at the end of chapter 8. The Victorians didnt like mystery stories finishing with loose ends not tied up, so he leads on to the two real documents by saying They trudged endure to his stain to read the two narratives in which this mystery was now to be explained. This ends the chapter on a cliffhanger, therefore adding to the suspense and inviting the reader to get involved with the conclusion of the mystery.Stevenson do sure not to reveal that that Hyde was Jekyll until the end when the story was over, although he had left clues Hydes and Jekylls writing was similar. Also in chapter 8 when they find that Hyde was corroding oversize clothes that looked suspiciously like Jekylls and he infact does pretend to be Jekyll. Chapters 9 and 10 give the story a sense of authenticity as they are real documents. In chapter 9 Utterson receives a garner that was meant for Lanyon from Jekyll. There is a sense of urgency about the letter I had already seal onwarded this up when a fresh terror struck my mind (Page 75 line 29). This shows he wasnt thinking clearly and he was rushed, leaving the audience to think why? And therefore reading on.Chapter 10 is a full summary of the book. It ties up all the loose ends as it is a letter fro m Jekyll himself summarising all the events that have taken place. This particular chapter uses a lot of emotional sentences from Jekyll Under the strain of this continually impending doom and by the sleeplessness to which I now condemned myself (Page 95 line 13-14) and also A mist dispersed i saw my life to be forfeit. This tells how Jekyll feels he has nowhere to go in life and feels despondent.He recalls all of Hydes action and how he enjoyed the leaping pulses and secret pleasures but how he knew admits Hyde was sadistic and mental No man morally sane could have been guilty of that shame. This is because it was a stupid thing from Hydes point of view as know he is a cherished man and cannot roam the streets freely anymore To be tempted, however slightly, was to fail. Jekyll starts to think suicides the only way to stop the maniacal Hyde and when I know he fears my power to cut him off by suicide (Page 96 line 15-16), as he has terrors of the scaffold.The cash in ones chip s page of the book is the roughly emotional and well-written page of the whole book as Jekyll writes his wonderful selfishness but also ape-like pique. There he turned well-nigh(prenominal) con about Hyde into a pro but also made a con seem more than a con. This will tell the reader how emotionally attached to Hyde, Jekyll really was and how this decision was probably the hardest he has had to make in his life.The last few lines Jekyll has made up his decision in the sense he has gone from contemplating suicide to being definite And therefore the doom that is closing on us both (Page 96 line 6-7). Stevenson also makes you feel unforgiving for Jekyll I know how i shall sit shuddering and weeping in my chair, or continue with the most strained and fearstruck ecstasy of listening, to pace up and down this room (my last earthly refuge) (Page 96 line 11-13). That quote makes you think its taking every bit of strength to make these decisions and to do the simplest tasks and by this stage the readers eyes are glued to the page.The ending is a cliffhanger, in the sense you do not know anyone elses reactions to Jekylls confession. It ends Here, then as i lay down the pen, and proceed to seal up my confession, i bring to life of that unhappy Henry Jekyll to an end. That line tells you that he will kill himself but does not tell you how the others react which the readers will put the book down and think about it in shock due to the confession but also thinking about it some more.My penultimate method is the setting that Stevenson used. He brought the evil immediately into the readers lives due to the fact he relates to capital of the United Kingdom which was the most densely populated place in the UK. He also used middle home and well respected gentlemen which told the readers that not all pile were sodding(a) and not all the well off led boring lives. Stevenson uses winter as a month where bad things happen as both the murder of Danvers and the girl getting trampled was in Winter late at night.He uses to points of views a quality and a psychological point of view.Characteristic Mr Hydes resides in Soho which was a pocket of poverty and crime whereas Hyde lived in the West End (represents Hyde/Jekyll relationship)Also the respectable view of the entrance to Jekylls house to the back door which Hyde uses (represents two sides of the character)Psychological The misty, dreary London seems to echo the unsettled mood of the characters and the dark mystery of the story The square when they got there was full of wind and dust, and the thin tress in the garden were trouncing themselves along the railing (Page 63 line 17-20).These settings help to set the scene and add the tension as they usually involve a cold, windy night which makes a chill run down the binding therefore wanting the reader to know more.My final method is the way Stevenson has used morals and the likes of the Victorian people in his favour. He has given us the moral you can never trust appearances, as charming Dr. Henry Jekyll led this duel life with the bloodthirsty Mr Hyde. But also dont let anything control you I am now finishing this statement under the influence of the last of my old powders. He is reliant on a source which has driven him to suicide.It is also hypocritical as its saying if we repress our dark side, it will become stronger. This is true as Jekyll said of not changing to Hyde for two months But time began at last to obliterate the freshness of my alarm, I once again compound and swallowed the transforming draught.Stevenson also included a lot more questions than there were answers. The Victorians enjoyed this as although the main loose ends tied up they had a feeling of authority as they got to decide some of the outcomes. As the Victorians found literature as a type of escapism where they could escape from their boring, old lives Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde was the perfect novel which fitted all the criteria of a good, mystery/ho rror book that the Victorians could escape to and therefore engage themIn conclusion to the question, How Does Stevenson Engage His Readers, I think he engages them by using all these different methods narrative, setting, and what the people in the era it was written liked. I think he engaged the Victorians though particularly on the latter as they had something to relate to e.g. Soho a lot lower middle class people lived round there who would buy this book and therefore read it to the end as it is of particular interest to them. This is the selfsame(prenominal) for all of London though. For most people though this story kept them engaged by the keen descriptions, the use of emotions and the suspense involved. Once a murder had taken place no one was ever going to put the book down

American Ethnic Literature

The word pagan de nones or derives from distinctive ways of documentation created by a group of people. Hence, American cultural books must be influenced by the cultural or cultural ties of an ethnic American occasion, and must reveal to some extent the distinctive ways of living practiced by the ethnic group that the author represents. Biographical criticism entails a deeper comprehension of an authors work by knowing the essential details of his or her life.Because writers are real people, the literary productions that they write generally contains strikeions of themselves, the kinds of people they encounter in their lives, and the circumstances that they face. Not all people in the unite States belong to the white European race. The Indians were settled on our land before the European whites came on to change the history of the land for ever. Africans were initially brought by the European whites to work as slaves on plantations. The Hispanics and the Asians similarly e ntered the land as immigrants.Still, the dominant community in the United States, in terms of population, is that of the European whites. Theirs is the paramount glossiness in America, and their literature is known as mainstream American literature. At the same time, the Native Americans retain some of their ancient rites, in spite of Americas predominant culture of the European whites. The African Africans continue to be influenced by the music that their ancestors made on the ships that brought slaves to America (McBride, 2007). The Hispanic Americans and the Asian Americans too maintain aspects of their culture through their distinctive languages and foods.Unsurprisingly, these cultural differences must reveal themselves in American ethnic literature as compared to mainstream American literature. American heathen Literature 2 All of the different groups representing the Americans straight off are maintaining their ethnic differences, even if many of their members feel that they are one with the mainstream culture. As a involvement of fact, it is but natural for the various ethnicities representing America in our time to be maintaining cultural differences, while difficult to fit into the mainstream culture.As mentioned previously, the culture of different ethnic groups must reveal itself in the writings of ethnic American writers. When an American ethnic author does non reveal his or her distinctive culture in literature, however, it is mediocre to claim that the persons writings represent mainstream American literature. Zane, for example, is an African American author of tingling fiction who is writing mainstream American literature. Although the author belongs to an American ethnic group, her writings do not bound her ethnicity.She sometimes uses middle-class African American characters in her novels, but she also employs white American characters. plane so, an American writer of European descent may also be expected to do the same. Besides, Z ane does not make references in her books to her own race as opposed to the Americans of European descent, and neither does she complain slightly the problems that the Africans have gone through in America. Rather, the characters in Zanes erotic novels could be people belong to any number of races (Zane, 2001 Zane, 2005).One of Zanes novels, Afterburn, is ab protrude a chiropractor in Washington D. C. who visits his local bank because he is interested in one of the employees of the bank. He believes that she is too beautiful to be a single woman, which is the rationality why he has never asked her fall out. When American Ethnic Literature 3 he does, however, he finds out that she has a history of disastrous relationships. He, too, has a broken heart. And so, the dickens of them finally get together (Zane, 2005). magic spell forming their bond, the man and the woman have to meet a variety of characters who add spice to their relationship.The woman has a fickle minded arrest, th e man has got playboys as buddies, and then there are lovers from the past that keep stressful to disrupt the wise relationship. Nevertheless, Zane manages to turn the relationship into a tie of deep love and longing (Zane, 2005). or so importantly, she creates a story that could happen in anybodys life. Because Zane is an American, her literature must be considered mainstream American literature. She is an African American, but her literature cannot be considered American ethnic literature seeing that it does not solely reflect the culture and values of the African Americans.Instead, Zane is one of those ethnic American writers who appear to have totally amalgamate into the mainstream American culture. On a similar note, Jamaica Kincaid (1990) in her novel, Lucy, presents a nineteen year old youthfulness woman by the name of Lucy Josephine Potter who is trying to forget her roots in the west Indies. In the process, no doubt, the girl is trying to blend into the mainstream Amer ican culture. Kincaid is an American ethnic writer who was born in the West Indies (Benson & Hagseth, 2001). A biographical critic might assert that Lucy, the girl who came to North America as a nanny, is a reflection of the author.Regardless, Kincaids novel approximately Lucy may be considered American ethnic literature only because it contains glimpses of the authors ethnicity. Lucy hated her old home, a British colony and yet memories of her mother continue to haunt her, taking her back to West Indies. Her mother acts as a symbolisation for Lucys motherland. The American Ethnic Literature 4 girl feels emotionally unattached to her mother, and finds a give away motherly model in the United States by the name of Mariah, who acts as a symbol for the new land the girl has come to occupy.Mariah replaces Lucys mother with respect to the kinds of feelings people are taught by character or nurture to feel for their mothers. Moreover, Kincaids novel establishes a clear difference bet ween Lucys mother and the character of Mariah. For example, Lucys mother was emotionally dependent on her daughter, to the point of becoming an emotional pain. The mother was also neglectful of the needs of her unfledged daughter. Mariah, on the contrary, treats Lucy as a grownup. She exposes Lucy to the museums of America, and gives her presents.She also looks out for the well- universe of the young Lucy during the time that she is adjusting to the new environment (Kincaid). Lucy feels far from her roots in West Indies. She would not read her mothers letters that arrive in the mail. She wants to avoid the emotional pain that her mother brought into her life, by being oppressively reliant on her daughter. Furthermore, Lucy is trying to leave colonialism behind. She had shown rebellion in West Indies toward the oppressive invasion of the British. She had ref apply to sing in her school choir, Rule, Britannia Just as her mother keeps on being brought to mind, colonialism surfaces in young Lucys flashbacks of West Indies. She wants to get away from it all. In America and on her own, the young girl would give care to be an individualist, able to make her own decisions, and forgetting all that was painful and negative about the past (Kincaid). Because the focus of Kincaids book is the girls desire to blend into the mainstream American culture while forgetting the past, the novel may also be termed mainstream American American Ethnic Literature 5 literature.Given that it describes the authors ethnicity thoroughly, however, it must be considered in part American ethnic literature. Amy Tans (1989) The Joy Luck Club is similarly part mainstream and part ethnic American literature. Containing sixteen stories that rove around conflicts between old-fashioned mothers who are Chinese immigrants, and modern daughters who have been raised in the United States, the novel describes the mainstream American culture in addition to the Chinese culture. Tan is an Asian American a uthor, and so her writing should have been ethnic American in its entirety.However, her writing reveals that an Asian American author feels like an American before she can relate to the Asian experience. Additionally, although the writer tries to bridge the gap between the two cultures that she is supposed to represent by having her characters travel to China, it is a fact that the American experience cannot be discounted by any means. The only ethnic American authors who write American ethnic literature must be ones who reflect solely on their ethnicity in their works, showing utter disregard for the mainstream American culture.The following public life describes some of these authors During the years preceding the Civil War, Americas ethnic and racial minorities began to publish novels, poems, histories, and autobiographies that explored what it meant to be an outsider in a predominantly white, Anglo-Saxon, Protestant society. The result was a unique body of ethnic writing chron icling the distinctive experience and changing self-image of ethnic Americans. One of the earliest forms of African American literature was the slave narrative, graphic American Ethnic Literature 6first-person accounts of life in bondage, written by occasion slaves, including William Wells Brown, Frederick Douglass, and Josiah Henson These volumes not only awoke readers to the hardships and cruelties of life under slavery, they also described the ingenious strategies that fugitive slaves used to escape from bondage. William and Ellen Craft, for example, disguised themselves as master and slave Henry Box Brown had himself crated in a box and shipped north. Native Americans, too, produced firsthand accounts of their lives. Among the mostnotable is the Life of Ma-Ka-Tai-Me-she-kia-Kiak or Black Hawk (1833), a classic weird and secular biography, in which the Sauk warrior explains why he resisted white efforts to seize Indian land in northwestern Illinois during the Black Hawk War (18 32). William Apes, a Pequod, published one of the earliest histories from an Indian advantage point in 1836. John Rollin Ridge, a Cherokee journalist, published the first novel by an Indian in 1850, The Life and Adventures of Joaquin Murieta, which recounts the heroic adventures of a Robin Hoodlike bandit in California who protects Mexican Americans from white exploitation. Much more than a simple adventure story, this novel is also a lightly veiled protest of the treatment of Native Americans by someone who had personally experienced the removal of the Cherokees from their tribal homelands in Georgia (American Ethnic Literature, 2007). Such is truly American ethnic literature. It focuses solely on the ethnicity of the author, while disregarding if not rejecting the mainstream culture.On the other hand, novels by ethnic American authors that reveal the differences between mainstream American culture as opposed American Ethnic Literature 7 to the authors respective ethnicities are n ot true American ethnic literature. This is due to the fact that the authors as well as their characters have essay to blend into the mainstream culture by getting rid of their ethnic identities to a large extent. American Ethnic Literature 8 References American Ethnic Literature. (2007). Digital History. Retrieved September 24, 2007, fromhttp//www. digitalhistory. uh. edu/database/article_display. cfm? HHID=646. Benson, K. M. , & Hagseth, C. (2001). Jamaica Kincaid. Voices from the Gaps. Retrieved September 24, 2007, from http//voices. cla. umn. edu/vg/Bios/entries/kincaid_jamaica. html. Kincaid, J. (1990). Lucy. New York Farrar, Straus and Giroux. McBride, J. (2007, April). Hip decamp Planet. National Geographic. Tan, A. (1989). The Joy Luck Club. New York G. P. Putnams Sons. Zane. (2001). Addicted. New York Atria Books. . (2005). Afterburn. New York Atria Books.